A. Philip Randolph

As Phillip Randolph was not only an enormously Influential mover and shaker In the Civil Rights Movement In America from the sass's throughout the sass's. His influence went way beyond this period and affected millions within in his lifetime. He was born to Reverend James Williams Randolph who instilled in him the reality that a person's deeds and actions, instead of their race, were what made a man who he was. His mother was a seamstress who taught him that education and self- defense, If necessary were the most important aspects a growing upstanding young an should focus on.In 1907, he graduated from the Conman Institute in East Jacksonville as Valedictorian of his class. W. E. B. Dubbing's persuasive book The Souls of Black Folk became instrumental in directing his life's course. It inspired Randolph to move to New York in 1911, making racial equality amongst all men his most important task to tackle in his lifetime. And he did a mighty fine Job at that. He was married in 1914 to a widow by the name of Mrs.. Lucille Green, a Howard university Graduate and entrepreneur, who shared his political views and earned enough money on her own to support them both.That left much time for him to fight the good fight. They married and joined the Socialist Party where Randolph began amassing large crowds at Harem's Soapbox Corner, speaking about Socialism and the importance of environmental conscientiousness surrounding all races during those times. In 1917, Randolph met a man by the name of Chandler Owen. Other than the meeting of his wife, this was probably the most important cosmic collision of forces amongst two beings during this time period of union university in 1913. He then moved to NYC in 1915.That's where this striking attach-up began, between Randolph and Chandler. They were both Socialists and in August 1917, they established the journal the â€Å"Messenger together. It was a mixture of trade union news, political commentary, biographies of the leading radi cals of the time and literary criticisms. The messenger closed In 1928, At that time Owen moved to Chicago and even though he was still a member of the socialist party he became much more conservative with age. But he continued his support of Randolph in his efforts to organize black workers.In 1929, Randolph became president of the Brotherhood of he Sleeping Car Porters (BPCS), which he victoriously built into the first successful black-trade union. The friendship between Owen and Randolph was a profound and ground-breaking one that continued until the end of their lives. In 1925, a group of Pullman Porters approached Randolph and asked him to lead their new organization called the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters (BPCS). His primary qualification, as well as his reputation for incorruptibility and the fact that he wasn't an employee who meant the company could not fire him or scare him off.He led them for the next ten years, organizing them to the point, which resulted in the c ertification of the (BPCS) as the exclusive bargaining agent of the Porters in 1935. Randolph called this exclusive bargaining agent deal â€Å"the first victory of Negro workers over a great Insularly corporation†. He Decade ten most widely Known spokesperson for black working class interests in the country. Six years later, President Franklin Roosevelt refused to issue an executive order banning discrimination against black workers in the defense industry.So Randolph allied for â€Å"10,000 loyal Negro American citizens† to march on Washington D. C. In protest of this. Support grew so quickly that soon he was began calling for 100,000 marchers to converge on the capital. Pressed by Randolph actions, President Roosevelt issued an executive order on June 25, 1941 – six days before the march was to occur declaring â€Å"there shall be no discrimination in the employment of workers in defense industries or government because of race, creed, color or national orig in. † Roosevelt also set up the Fair Employment Practices Commission to oversee the order.Six years later there was the passage of the Selective Service Act of 1947, Randolph demanded that the government integrate the armed forces Randolph founded The League of Non-violent Civil Obedience Military Segregation and urged young men of all races to â€Å"refuse to cooperate with a Jim Crow conscription service. † Threatened with widespread civil unrest, disobedience, and needing the black vote in his 1948 re-election campaign. Because of this President Harry Truman on July 26, 1948 ordered an end to military discrimination â€Å"as quickly as possible†.

Strategic Management Case Study Module 7

Strategic Management Module 7 Case Study Daryl L. Young Thomas Edison State College Strategic Management Module 7 Case Study Housing Bubble and Its Burst Case Study Question 1: Explain the cause of the housing bubble and its burst in the mid-2000s. To what extent is this problem the result of ethical failure? Housing Bubble No single cause can fully explain the crisis but, in my opinion, the two major bases were legislation that promoted homeownership and subprime mortgages. To fully understand the environment that spawned the housing bubble, we’ll have to travel back to the 1930s, when the country was in the midst of the Great Depression.During this time frame, homeownership represented only about 40 percent of the U. S. households (Thompson, Peteraf, Gamble, Strickland, 2012, p. c-423). Following severe mortgage market disruptions, widespread foreclosures, and sinking homeownership rates, the government created the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), Fannie Mae, the Federa l Home Loan Bank (FHLB), and several decades later Freddie Mac to help promote secure and sustainable homeownership for future generation of Americans (Reforming America’s Housing Finance Market, A Report to Congress, 2011, P. 5).A Subprime Mortgage is a type of mortgage that is normally made out to borrowers with lower credit ratings; a conventional mortgage is not offered because the lender views the borrower as having a larger-than-average risk of defaulting on the loan; lending institutions often charge interest on subprime mortgages at a rate that is higher in order to compensate themselves for carrying more risk, as defined by Investopedia. com, 2013. In 1994, subprime mortgages represented approximately 6 percent of total mortgage loans originated but by 2005 the percentage grew to 37. (Thomson et al. , 2012). Private firms like Countrywide, and others, issued more than 84 percent of the subprime mortgages in 2006 (Swift, 2011). Fast-forward to the 2000s and the effect s of federal legislation over 60 years increased homeownership to nearly 70 percent (Thomson et al. , 2012) coupled with an explosion of subprime mortgages, and appreciation of homes values resulted in the housing bubble. Housing Bubble Burst As there are several factors that created the bubble, there are just as many that were responsible for its burst.The most significant factors were the repeal of a major component of the Glass-Steagall Act and a weakened housing market. First, lets look at the Glass-Steagall Act. One of the components in the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 separated investment (brokerage) and commercial banking activities (investopedia. com, 2009). The clause stipulated that banks would be allowed to take deposits and make loans, brokers would be allowed to underwrite and sell securities, but no firm would be allowed to do both due to the conflicts of interest and risks to insured deposits (Rickards, 2012). In 1999, President Bill Clinton and Republicans led by Sen.P hil Gramm repealed part of the Glass-Steagall Act, removing barriers that prohibited any one institution from acting as any combination, at the behest of big banks (Rickards, 2012). Secondly, the U. S. economy began to weaken, with declining demand for housing, which caused home prices to plummet and appreciation in home prices came to an end, and in most cases reversing (Thompson et al. , 2012). Homeowners, investors, and financial institutions did not have enough capital supporting their investments to absorb the resulting losses (Reforming America’s Housing Finance Market, A Report to Congress, 2011, P. ). Homeowners were faced with foreclosure when they lost income during the economy slowdown or seen their payment on Adjustable Rate Mortgages (ARMs) rise to a point of unaffordability (Thompson et al. , 2012). In 2008, credit markets froze. Our nation's financial system – which had outgrown and outmaneuvered a regulatory framework largely designed in the 1930s †“ was driven to the brink of collapse. Millions of Americans lost their jobs, families lost their homes, and small businesses shut down (Reforming America’s Housing Finance Market, A Report to Congress, 2011, P. 5). Countrywides’ RoleCase Study Question 2: Evaluate Countrywide’s role in the subprime mortgage debacle. Was the company’s conduct unethical or illegal? Countrywide’s Role From 2005 to 2007, Countrywide was the leading subprime lender in the country issuing $97. 2 billion in subprime mortgages (Bloomberg Business Week, 2009) but only led in market share by 2 percent. The bottom 16 subprime mortgage-issuing firms accounted for $363. 5 billion in mortgages (reference chart 1). Countrywide was responsible for 10 percent of a $1 trillion problem. Conduct Unethical or Illegal Countrywide practices were illegal.Countrywide was charged with predatory lending practices (Thompson et al. , 2012) and later reached a multi-state settlement for $8. 68 billion (Huffman, 2008). â€Å" Countrywide’s lending practices turned the American dream into a nightmare fore tens of thousands of families by putting them into loans they couldn’t understand and ultimately couldn’t afford,† said Attorney General Edmund G. Brown Jr. , a co-leader of the negotiations for the states (Huffman, 2008). Countrywide settlement became the largest predatory lending settlement in history, dwarfing the nationwide $484 million settlement (Huffman, 2008).Case Study Question 3: Using this case as an example, who benefits and who gets hurt when a company engages in unethical or socially irresponsible behavior? In the long-term, no one benefits from this behavior. In this case study, the companies, shareholders, consumers, and global economy all suffered from the irresponsible behavior of many in the financial sector. Between June 2007 and November 2008, Americans lost more than a quarter of their net worth (Wikipedia. org, 2013). T otal retirement assets dropped by 22 percent, from $10. 3 trillion in 2006 to $8 trillion in mid-2008 (Wikipedia. org, 2013).As with most unethical or irresponsible corporate behavior there are no long-term winners. References Denning, S. (2001). Lest We Forget: Why We Had a Financial Crisis. Forbes. Retrieve from: http://www. forbes. com/sites/stevedenning/2011/11/22/5086/ Huffman, M. (2008). Countrywide Settles Predatory Lending Charges for $8. 68 Billion. Consumer Affairs. Retrieved from: http://www. consumeraffairs. com/news04/2008/10/ countrywide_settlement. html Investopedia. (2013). Definition of Housing Bubble. Retrieved from: http://www. investopedia. com/terms/h/housing_bubble. asp#axzz2NRrhirhT Rickards, J. (2012).Repeal of Glass-Steagall Caused the Financial Crisis. Economic Intelligence. Retrieved from: http://www. usnews. com/opinion/blogs/economic- intelligence/2012/08/27/repeal-of-glass-steagall-caused-the-financial-crisis The Department of the Treasury. (2011). Refo rming America’s Housing Finance Markets, A Report to Congress. Retrieved from: http://www. treasury. gov/initiatives/Documents/ Reforming%20America's%20Housing%20Finance%20Market. pdf Thompson, A. , Peteraf, M. , Gamble, J. , Strickland III, A. (2012). Crafting & Executing Strategy, The Quest for Competitive Advantage. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Answer my 6 questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Answer my 6 questions - Essay Example On point and work towards the cause collaboratively. I think social media has a huge influence on the life of every person. I cannot imagine living a single day without using Facebook and Twitter which keep me connected to my friends and family. In future, social media is likely to play a more active role in making young generation aware of all political, social, and economic matters. I think the concept of American dream has not changed a great deal from what it had been for previous generations. People of all time have been demanding complete freedom and equal human rights and these are the main dreams even for the young generation. My generation will change the country politically by playing voting for the right person, socially by working for resolving social issues, and economically by playing an active role in improving the economy of the country. To me, American dream has been successful. One example is that in America, there is no judicial discrimination even against foreigners. Second example is of personal freedom. In America, one can live the life with complete individual

The Summary of Krugman Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Summary of Krugman Article - Essay Example The firms where served by the slaves working in these firms. Unlike the 17th century, America of today is more urbanized and is characterized by metropolitan environment with no small towns. The urbanization of America has led to mass rural-urban migration with people leaving villages for the urban environment in search of modern and industrial jobs (New York Times, July 5, 2013). In addition, the author compares the ethnicity and religion evolution of the 17th century and 21st century. During the 17th century majority of the Americans were WASP with only a few Protestants, today majority of Americans have European and Britain ethnicity. Krugman (72) concludes by comparing the history of American democracy of today to that of the 17th century. Unlike the 17th century, America remains the best country in terms of democracy, freedom, and protection of human rights (New York Times, July 2, 2013). Summary of Holcberg In the article, â€Å"Human Organ for Sale† Holcberg describes t he need for well-wishers and good Samaritans to take part in rescuing over 80,000 suffering individual who need some body organs. The calls out for public response purposely to donate their body organs to other Americans who cannot afford to buy given the high costs of these body organs. According to Holcberg (51), this legal trade on the human body organs is founded on personal beliefs and choices that must be made by the patient. The patient has the choice to evaluate the degree of the risks that are associated with organ transplant, including surgery and financial costs. This would guide the patient’s choices before accepting organ transplant. Secondly, Holcberg (52) argues that personal and constitutional freedom must be exercise. Therefore, everyone has a right to donate or not donate his or her organs to the needy people. The law should not only recognize the right to organ donation but also the freedom to sale these organs (Holcberg 54). He further emphasizes on the ne ed to educate the poor people so as to enable them make informed and rational choice in life. By educating the low income members of the society, their ability to participate in informed decision-making process are enhances. Education s the poor with the knowledge and social skills including the right to sell or donate their body organs at will. He concluded by asserting that the solution to lack of organ related suffering among the Americans would be realized through legalization of organ trade in American (Holcberg 32). In his view, saving human lives starts with giving freedom and rights to people to trade in organs at will with the constitutional protection behind them. Sale of Human Organ in Support of Life Many people lose their lives yearly because of organ related conditions that would have been avoided had organ sales been legalized. Deplorable health conditions and poverty cause many thousands to die yet these deaths are avoidable and can be saved. The concept of organ don ation has dominated a number of legal debates with respect to its legalization. According to Holcberg, legalization of organ trade and donation would be a fundamental life saving step. Legalization of this trade will play a role in improving the quality of life for the donor and the recipient. For instance, a family member with the right to organ donation may opt to sale one of his organs (kidney or liver) to finance better treatment for one of his or her family member (Holcberg 53). Under such circumstance, legalized organ sale would prove beneficial in financially empowering the family at large. Any restriction on organ sale is likely to leave the family in deplorable financial condition with no hope for tomorrow yet a sale of one organ would generate financial

LAW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

LAW - Essay Example Trademarks could be any combination of words, names or symbols that are used in commerce as brand names, tag lines, slogans, non-functional and distinctive packaging and labeling designs, etc. to indicate the source of a product or service. Only non-functional elements are protected by law as trademark rights Functional aspects of a product or service are covered under patent law with a limited term of protection whereas trademarks are not limited in term (except by nonuse) (Trademarks Basics, n.d.). The law that protects registered trademarks and trademarks registration in the UK is the Trademark Acts of 1994 as amended (Intellectual, n.d). In addition, the European Union has implemented regulations to harmonize the laws of trademarks among its member states, including the United Kingdom (The trademarks, n.d). If a trademark is not registered, the original creator does not necessarily lose all rights to his works. Under UK common law, it is possible to take civil action. To make a s uccessful claim, the owner must prove that the mark belongs to him, that the alleged owner has built a reputation using this mark and that he has suffered some damage because of the unauthorized use (Ibid). Trade marks can also be protected in the United Kingdom via common law rights established under what is called "passing off." The "passing off rights are established by the use of a brand and the establishment of goodwill (Registering, 2008). However, it is preferable to register a mark, as opposed to relying on common law passing off rights, as you have to prove that you have established goodwill to succeed in a passing off action. Also, passing off rights can be limited to a local area, whereas a UK Trade Mark registration automatically covers the whole of the UK (Ibid). The doctrine of Common law â€Å"passing off† works in a way that the owner of a mark can acquire some rights without registering his mark. A trader who uses a mark acquires â€Å"goodwill† in ass ociation with that mark. â€Å"Goodwill† has been defined as the quality, which causes a customer to go to one particular trader rather than any other (Ibid). The owner of a trademark can sue another trader who uses that mark in such a way as to confuse the public into believing that his goods are those of the owner of the mark. This is a â€Å"passing-off† action (The Basics, n.d.). At common law, a trademark is obtained by adopting and using the trademark, in association with goods or services offered for commerce ( Larson, 2003).. The mark must be placed in actual use before protection is available. Once the mark becomes associated in the mind of the public with the particular good or service, the common law trademark is established. Ordinarily, the geographic scope of the common law trademark is limited to the area of use. The three fundamental elements to passing off are reputation, misrepresentation, and damage to goodwill, which are sometimes known as the classi cal trinity, as restated by the English House of Lords in the case of Reckitt & Colman Ltd v Borden Inc [1990] 1 RPC1 341 1 (the Jif Lemon case) (Passing n.d). Passing off does not recognize them as property in its own right, but prevents one person from misrepresenting his or her goods or services as being the goods and services of another person or the plaintiff in infringement proceedings. The law of passing off is designed to prevent misrepresentation to the public

Ted Baker Plc Ratio Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ted Baker Plc Ratio Analysis - Essay Example The P/E ratio for Ted baker Plc shows that the company has 1 worth of annual- per share earnings for every 17.4 in the share price. The company's P/E ratio is lower than that of the companies in the same sector. This ratio reveals the percentage of dividends paid to shareholders in dividends. Ted baker Plc's dividend payout is 39.92% of the earnings per share and the retail apparel industry's average for dividend payout is 20.93%, therefore the company has more potential for investment in terms of dividend paid by the company. The gross margin assesses the company's profit after accounting for production and distribution costs. The company's gross margin is 59% of the total turnover, which is lesser than the industrial average for this ratio. This shows that the company is incurring less cost of sales than the other companies in the industry, which is influencing its gross margin of profit. The operating margin is assesses the profitability of a company after accounting for all the operating costs. The operating margin for the retail apparel sector is showing as negative, whereas the operating margin for Ted baker Plc is 16.5% of the total turnover. It is much attractive for an investor to invest in a company with high profit margins. The Earning Per Share analysis is important for the investors who are interested in the market of price of company's shares. The EPS of Ted baker Plc is higher than the sector average, therefore has potential for investment than the other companies in the industry. EPS Growth Sector Ted baker Plc 97.11 20.7 The Earning Per Share of Ted baker Plc is growing at a slower rate than that of the industry. This shows that although the company has offered more EPS than the other companies in the same sector for the year 2005, but it has a much slower growth rate of EPS than its competitors in the industry. Dividend per share Sector Ted baker Plc 0.03 0.108 The dividend per share paid by the company is more than that of the other companies in the sector. Therefore, Ted baker Plc offers investment potential for the investors that invest in the company to gain return out of dividends paid by company. Dividend estimate Yield Sector Ted baker Plc 2.41 2.49 The dividend yield ratio is calculated by comparing the latest dividend paid by the company with the current market price of the company's shares. The dividend yield of Ted baker Plc is almost the same as paid by the other companies in the industry. Interest expense coverage Sector Ted baker Plc 108.66 76.71 This ratio reveals the ability of a company to cover its interest expense after accounting for all the operating costs incurred by the company. Ted baker Plc's interest cover ratio is lesser than the sector average. In the year 2005, the company generated returns of about 76.71% of the total interest expense, not enough to cover the interest even a single time. CONCLUSION After the above analysis, it is clear that Ted baker Plc off

Develop a three year professional action plan Essay

Develop a three year professional action plan - Essay Example Health care would in fact be the number one industry in the United States. Operations research-type analysis and application for the complex problems involved would be of benefit to any health care system. The largest problem, there are not enough people considering careers in the health care industry. Currently, the health care industry in the United States faces many of the same issues confronting other industries, but there would be some significant political differences. Simultaneously, health care would be representative of a huge segment of the economy, and it needs our help. The people working as part of the healthcare system are generally dedicated to providing the best possible service. The problem is, the workforce and, more importantly, management, do not possess the necessary training or knowledge to make the best use of the available resources. Under these particular circumstances, it would be doubtful that any private industry would survive with the level of waste and inefficiency commonly seen in health care. Healthcare is a business like no other known business model. There would be multiple decision-makers with conflicting goals and objectives. The first consideration should be the acute care hospital. At this time, most hospitals in the United States, and in the case of Canada virtually all, are not-for-profit, independent corporations. Glouberman and Mintzberg would identify four different management groups for which they utilize the term four worlds within the hospital environment. Clinical operations are managed in a downward focus due to doctors and nurses and their focus on patient care. Managers and trustees focus in an upward consideration toward those who control or fund the institution. Moreover, employees, in this case managers and nurses, would practice some management within the institution, while doctors and trustees would manage outside the hospital as from the outside in, since they are technically not employees and are thus independent of its formal authority. The world of cure, which is characterized by short, intensive and essentially non-personal medical interventions, would be considered a quadrant of this particular ideal. Typically, North American doctors would not work directly for the hospitals. They are in fact private entrepreneurs who possess admission privileges at a hospital. There are a few who would consist as salaried hospital employees, but the majority would in fact consistently work on a fee-for-service basis with the hospital. To maximize their income, doctors would often make brief appearances whenever the patient requires a cure and intervention or treatment of some form. From this point they would move forward. As a potential healthcare manager it is best to understand the political and other interrelationships between doctors, nurses, hospital personnel and administration. Health care managers face another sector, which represents the world of care. This is the world represented by nurses. Nurses are providers who work directly for the hospital on salary and typically account for the largest component of its operating budget. They work in their own internal management hierarchy and have a unique relationship with patients. They are