An Analysis Of heart Of Darkness :: essays research papers

An Analysis of "Heart of Darkness" Joseph Conrad, in his long-short story, "Heart of Darkness," tells the tale of two mens' realization of the hidden, dark, evil side of themselves. Marlow, the "second" narrator of the framed narrative, embarked upon a spiritual adventure on which he witnessed firsthand the wicked potential in everyone. On his journey into the dark, forbidden Congo, the "heart of darkness," so to speak, Marlow encountered Kurtz, a "remarkable man" and "universal genius," who had made himself a god in the eyes of the natives over whom he had an imperceptible power. These two men were, in a sense, images of each other: Marlow was what Kurtz may have been, and Kurtz was what Marlow may have become. Like a jewel, "Heart of Darkness" has many facets. From one view it is an exposure of Belgian methods in the Congo, which at least for a good part of the way sticks closely to Conrad's own experience. Typically, however, the adventure is related to a larger view of human affairs. Marlow told the story one evening on a yacht in the Thames estuary as darkness fell, reminding his audience that exploitation of one group by another was not new in history. They were anchored in the river, where ships went out to darkest Africa. Yet, as lately as Roman times, London's own river led, like the Congo, into a barbarous hinterland where the Romans went to make their profits. Soon darkness fell over London, while the ships that bore "civilization" to remote parts appeared out of the dark, carrying darkness with them, different only in kind to the darkness they encounter. These thoughts and feelings were merely part of the tale, for Conrad had a more personal story to tell, about a single man who went so far from civilization that its restraints no longer mattered to him. Exposed to the unfamiliar emotional and physical demands of the African wilderness, free to do exactly as he chose, Kurtz plunged into horrible orgies of which human sacrifice and cannibalism seemed to have formed a part. These excesses taught him and Marlow what human nature was actually like: "The horror!" Kurtz gasped before he died. Marlow's own journey from Belgium to the Congo and thence up the river then took on the aspect of a man's journey into his own inner depths. Marlow was saved from the other man's fate not by higher principles or a better disposition, but merely because he happened to be very busy, and the demands of work were themselves a discipline. The readers perceive, too, that other white

Pro Death Penalty – Essay

One main person involved was Susan Atkins an intelligent woman twisted by the ideas of Manson. She stabbed Sharon Tate, a pregnant actress, sixteen times, Sharon begged for mercy and Susan Atkins told her â€Å"there would be no compassion for her or her unborn bar, and after tasting the victim's blood she used the blood to write the word â€Å"pig† on the front door and left. After she admitted to stabbing the pregnant actress in her 1971 court trial, she was sentenced to the death penalty. BUT due to the Supreme Court decision in 1972 of abolishing the death penalty, Atkins was now In prison for life with POSSIBLE PAROLE!She Is now on the brink of death and has cost the state of California over 1. 4 million dollars alone in medical costs That's doesn't even include the 3. 5 million dollars it has took to care for her in prison for almost forty years! In total, this adds up to 5 million dollars The cost to keep the death penalty in California Is ninety million dollars. Right now California has 3,300 people in for a life sentence, this only adds up to the seventy five million dollars right now. But riddle me this with crime rates only moving up in these financially bad times do you want to run the risk of putting more in life in Jail? The costs here say.If we add one hundred people a year to the life In prison list It will only take seven years for the price of life penalties to be higher than the death penalty price! Now some people believe that sometimes the person that was accused didn't even commit the crime and that that person is being killed for no reason, but with modern technology today there Is a very unlikely chance of mixing a person up with the convict. One of the easiest ways to find out If the defendant Is the killer Is by using DNA testing to see if their DNA matches the convicted person, also besides DNA routs can use finger prints to identify the killer.Now even the person convicted isn't the killer there has been in the last few years a average waiting time on death row of 12 and 1/2 years with some men walling up to 25 years, that give the defendant and the government more than enough time to review the case and look for new evidence!!! But enough with costs of the death penalty, what is your moral view. People view the death penalty in many ways, some for it and others against it. But what It takes for ones opinion to be changed Is the death of someone you know or are Emily members with. Most seek revenge and want that person to die and experience what they did to the victim.Now what would you want a the killer of you dad or you mom, maybe you sister or brother to get? Life in prison or the death penalty. The murderer should have to face what their victim did! Now what do you really want? During life prison the prisoners can get a chance to have a education In prisons While we are paying for college and schooling they are getting a free education that 1 OFF we pa Rebuttal The plan proposed by the affirmative s ide will not work! While we are paying for allege and schooling prisoners can be getting a free education that we pay for with our tax!For the people locked up for life in prison. It's a university of crime where prisoners are schooled to be â€Å"better† criminals. The taxpayers pay the tuition. It costs more than a Harvard education. Prison is the breeding ground for the worst social evils. Remember that 35 out of the 50 states still support capital punishment! That is more than 70% of the states, that dost even include the U. S. Government that also supports capital punishment. Ohio also uses the death penalty. Also more than 62% f Americans still support the death penalty. That is way more than half!It also comes down to the view of the watcher, some people that don't support the death penalty haven't gotten to feel what it is like to have a brother or parent, child or friend killed. Many peoples view change when they are asked, † If someone you loved was murdered, would you still want them to have life in prison or do them deserve what they did? â€Å". Many people are hit hard by this question, but what would you want? To know that the murderer that killed a loved one gets the same thing that they did to the victim? Or to see them in prison possibly getting an education with our tax money!With DNA testing and the new advancements in forensics there is almost no chance that the accused is really not the killer. Some killers out there have killed seven people or more, and you really want them to get away with it? Than this is not the America our founding father based it on! People deserve the right to know that they don't have to go to bed worrying that the murderer that killed there loved one is out there not getting what they deserve! Just like in the courts of King Hamburg, The convicted deserves the eye for an eye tooth for a tooth treatment.The idea of abolishing the death penalty is corrupt and will ruin the system, many say that the de ath penalty cost more than life in prison, but if all the people on death row are put in for life in prison within 10 years the death penalty cost will look tiny compared to the price of life in prison. .Sam and Andrew are wrong! If we let people like them take control of society who knows? Maybe gay marriage will be legalized and a women can go and abort a baby, as if it is Just a regular part of their daily routine! Getting rid of the death penalty will ruin society!

Behaviorism And The First American Psychological Revolution

Behaviorism Behaviorism has been a topic of many controversies in the early stages of developing. This paper will present a synthesis of several articles discussing behaviorisms and its development through various schools of theories, in addition known researchers and conclusions. The first article that illustrates behaviorism is, â€Å"Behaviorism at 100† by Ledoux (2012), which details the last 50 years of the study of behaviorism. The next article is â€Å"Behaviorism† by Moore (2011), maps the beginning of behaviorism with B.F.Skinner and addressing functionalism and structuralism. The article named â€Å"Psychology as the behaviorist views it†, written by Watson (1913) put his emphasis the aspects of psychology and how behaviorist view introspection. Green (2009) article â€Å"Darwinian Theory functionalism and the First American psychological revolution†, is very adamant to have is readers to know that functionalism was the foundation that behaviori sm was built. Clark (2004) article â€Å"The classical origins of Pavlov’s conditioning†, give insight into classical conditioning abroad and in the United States. The last article named â€Å"Little Albert’s alleged neurological impairment† written by Digdon , Powell and Harris (2014), focus on ethical concerns and that may have been overlooked. The synthesis paper will provide behaviorism and conclusions that can draw overall messages from the articles mentioned above. Development of Behaviorism Behaviorism developed after psychology thisShow MoreRelatedSnapshot1702 Words   |  7 Pagesin particular on resolving unconscious conflict, mental distress and psychopathology. Freuds theories became very well-known, largely because they tackled subjects such as sexuality, repression, and the unconscious mind as general aspects of psychological development. These were largely considered taboo subjects at the time, and Freud provided a catalyst for them to be openly discussed in polite society. While Freud is perhaps best known for his tripartite model of the mind, consisting of the idRead MoreSignificance Of Behaviorism And Behaviorism Essay925 Words   |  4 PagesSignificance of Behaviorism A rebellion against structuralism and functionalism began in 1913 with what was known as Behaviorism. This revolution was initiated by John B Watson in 1878 to 1958 (Ettinger, Reed, 2013). According to the book Psychology Explaining Human Behavior (2013), Behaviorism is a scientific approach to the study of behavior that emphasizes the relationship between environmental events and an organism’s behavior. The goal of Behaviorism is to recognize the process by which stimuliRead MoreSignificance Of Behaviorism And Functionalism947 Words   |  4 PagesSignificance of Behaviorism A rebellion against structuralism and functionalism began in 1913 with what was known as Behaviorism. This revolution was initiated by John B Watson in 1878 to 1958 (Ettinger, Reed, 2013). According to the book Psychology Explaining Human Behavior (2013), Behaviorism is a scientific approach to the study of behavior that emphasizes the relationship between environmental events and an organism’s behavior, (Ettinger, Reed, 2013). The goal of Behaviorism is to recognizeRead MoreEvolution of Cognitive Psychology1105 Words   |  5 Pagesinterdisciplinary field of study termed â€Å"cognitive science.† Cognitive science is an interdisciplinary effort to understand the mind. Cognitive science includes a number of disciplines, five of them plus cognitive psychology lying at its core. Philosophy, the first disciple to systematically examine the mind, helps to formulate and examine the fundamental questions that define the field. Neuroscience attempts to specify the relationship between mind and brain. Artificial intelligence addresses issues if mindRead MoreThe Historical History Of American Psychology Essay1091 Words   |  5 PagesThe historical underpinnings of American psychology came by way of Francis Bacon and John Stuart Mill philosophy, Charles Darwin evolutionary biology, Chauncey Wright evolutionary psychology, and Wilhelm Wundt volunteer psychology generally (Green, 2009; Wright, 1873). From these philosophical and biological contributors came two major schools of American psychology, namely structuralism and functionalism (Green, 2009; Caldwell, 1899; biological terms; see Boucher, 2015, pp. 384-385), which emergedRead MoreStructuralism And Functionalism Of American Psychology Essay1154 Words   |  5 PagesDescription This lecture podcast discussing structuralism and functionalism in the development of American psychology must have a road map for how I will chart this brief course through such a brilliant history with characters as large as Lady Liberty. Therefore, I will begin by discussing the historical nature and foundational construct of structuralism, functionalism, the process of change for American psychology to be where it is today, and finish with a summary. I will also make available the paperRead MoreHistory of Cognitive Psychology1666 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscontinuous happened in the late 1950s, something so dramatic that it is now referred to as the ‘cognitive revolution,’ and the view of mental processes that it spawned is called ‘cognitive psychology.’ What happened was that American psychologists rejected behaviorism and adopted a model of mind based on the computer† (McClelland, 2001). â€Å"Cognitive Psychology has at least three diï ¬â‚¬erent meanings. First, the term refers to ‘a simple collection of topic areas,’ that is, of behaviorally observable or theoreticallyRead MoreCognitive psychology  . Essay5542 Words   |  23 PagesCognitive psychology  is the study of  mental processes. The  American Psychological Association  defines cognitive psychology as The study of higher mental processes such as  attention, language use,  memory,  perception, problem solving, and  thinking.[1]  Much of the work derived from cognitive psychology has been integrated into various other modern disciplines of psychological study including  social psychology,  personality psychology,  abnormal psychology,  developmental psychology, and  educational psychologyRead MoreThe Main Influences On Gestalt Psychology757 Words   |  4 Pagesperceptual organization. According to the Merriam-Webster, the definition of gestalt psychology is: the study of perception and behavior from the standpoint of an individual s response to configurational wholes with stress on the uniformity of psychological and physiological events and rejection of analysis into discrete events of stimulus, percept, and response One of the main influences on Gestalt psychology , and their ideas influenced the later development of cognitive psychology. The gestaltistsRead MorePsychological Progression Through Definition And Perception877 Words   |  4 Pagesour growth. Within this context, the analysis will center on the progressive history of psychology, including some of psychology’s primary contributors and their concepts. Furthermore, the major psychological approaches, and how they pertain to, and influence, society as we view it today. A Psychological Progression through Definition and Perception. Throughout the earlier years, psychology was known as, â€Å"the science of mental life† Initially, psychology began on a December day in 1879, at a local

U.S-Mexico Borderlands Essay examples - 1068 Words

The border region has seen â€Å"rapid transformation in a short span of time, changing from a cattle ranching and mining area that attracted U.S., Mexican and European capitalists†¦to the center of a lucrative vice and pleasure-based tourist industry, to a region that †¦attracted an extraordinary amount of international capital to its manufacturing and services sector†. (Ganster/Lorey 2) Events and years such as the implementation of the railroad, the years before the Mexican Revolution, the land reform in 1936 and 1937, the implementation of the maquiladora program and the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has had a significant impact on the U.S. Mexican Borderlands. The implementation of railroad throughout the Mexico and its†¦show more content†¦(Ganster/Lorey 37) As the value of resources grew so did the number of U.S. investors. Ganster and Lorey assert that â€Å"U.S. investors owned several million acres of land†¦ [and] they controlled the larges mining enterprises in the state [Sonora]†. (Ganster/Lorey 40) Therefore, the completion of the railroad system was an imperative step to the early economic development of Mexico. The years from 1880 until The Mexican Revolution of 1910 contained issues that had an enormous effect on the border region. Diaz’s plan to establish â€Å"order† meant â€Å"political centralization†. (Ganster/Lorey 54) Diaz would offer a certain amount of freedom to settlers in return for preventing confrontations with â€Å"nomadic indigenous groups†. (Ganster/Lorey 54) Eventually, Diaz took away its citizens right to elect government officials and began to appoint th em himself. (Ganster/Lorey 54) Soon after conflicts between communities and property owners, local citizens and politicians began to develop and in time â€Å"conflict over power centered on resources, the fencing off of woods and prairies became the focus of the struggle†. (Ganster/Lorey 55) Diaz’s plan to institute â€Å"progress† meant â€Å"the rapid commercialization of agrarian and extractive activities†. (Ganster/Lorey 55) Land was a major contribution to the Mexican Revolution. In 1905 a new law was passed, under Enrique Creel administration, stating that all communityShow MoreRelatedCultural Relations Are Historically Filled With Conflict1298 Words   |  6 Pagesa Mexican-American. Living in the Rio Grande Valley, I am part of this â€Å"third country† that Anzaldua calls the borderland (Anzaldua Borderlands 1987, 3). In this third country where the â€Å"third world grates against the first and bleeds†, the spilt blood create s a new country; an uneasy fusion of both cultures (Anzaldua Borderlands 1987, 3). In my case I was born to a father from Mexico and a mother from America, I am part of the third culture, the Mexican-American. I am proud to be an American andRead MoreLine Of The Western U.s. -mexico Border996 Words   |  4 Pagesher book, Line in the Sand: A History of the Western U.S.-Mexico Border, Rachel St. John provides a dynamic argument that focuses not just on the physical border itself or merely how border policy came to be, but looks at the borderlands as an entire region and how Mexico too played a part in creating both the border and border enforcement. St. John describes in her various chapters the development of border towns and how both the U.S. and Mexico created not just a physical barrier, but also a symbolicRead MoreInstitutional Discrimination Within The United States Of America And Mexico965 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to the text The Borderlands refers to the area of comm on culture along the boarder between the United States of America and Mexico. The story mostly talks about the emergence of maquiladoras on the Mexican side. Maquiladoras are foreign owned factories established just across the boarder in Mexico. The first core concept that comes to mind when reading the borderlands is 1. Institutional discrimination. Institutional discrimination is the denial of opportunities and equal rights toRead MoreAbraham Lincoln s The Argument Against The War1182 Words   |  5 PagesDestiny Hellyer Hist-1301 â€Å"Abraham Lincoln Condemns the War with Mexico, 1848† 1) What is Abraham Lincoln’s main argument against the war? When Lincoln was a Congressman in the House of Representatives, during his short term, he loudly opposed the Mexican war held in 1846. His main argument was that the war was unconstitutional and unnecessary and was based on a lie. He faced severe criticism from fellow Whigs including other congressmen for raising voice against the USA intervention in the MexicanRead MoreThe Negative Impact of Bilangual Education1216 Words   |  5 Pagesbilingual student. Although these two stories are different in many ways but they both reflect the negative impact of living in the â€Å"borderlands†. To better understand those cultural conflicts, it is essential to know exactly what the borderlands consist of and who spans there, but most importantly what they represent in this context. The concept of â€Å" the borderlands† informs â€Å"a variety of disciplines at the start of the twenty-first century, with many studies focusing on the boundaries whereRead MoreThe Concepts Of U. S- Mexican Border Essay1187 Words   |  5 PagesThe concepts of U.S- Mexican border, and boarders in general, is the main focus of author Gloria Anzalà ºda in her publication â€Å"Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza.† In some ways, this book is an autobiography that is written in a stream of consciousness with intertextual poems, songs, and stories. By using such techniques, Anzalà ºda is able to stress different aspects of living in a ‘borderland’ and also how the role expected of women is extensive and interconnected with the Catholic Church andRead MoreThe Importance Of A Border Region During World War II1305 Words   |  6 Pagescontrol a border? The U.S./Mexico borderlands are no exception, and the transgression between malleable policies and stringent militarization has occurred rapidly throughout the 20th century. The high levels of socioeconomic and political ties that have existed within the border regions of California, New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona have evolved since the boom of industrialization that occurred after World War II. The development of a relationship between the United States and Mexico has been intertwinedRead MoreBorders Are One Of The Most Pervasive Topics In Contemporary1720 Words   |  7 Pagespervasive topics in contemporary politics, and whether people are aware of it or not, borderlands history has greatly influenced the perceptions and attitudes that are held towards borders today. Rhetoric today is focused on keeping immigrants out, winning the war on drugs, and bringing the United States back to its original glory (which in fact, was not glorious, but rather put white men on a pedestal). Borderlands history reminds us that immigrants are going to cross the border, regardless of theRea d MoreHow The Mix Of Languages And The English Language Into The World1060 Words   |  5 Pagesof the problems that the author mentions in this essay. I will discuss how the mix of languages and the fragmented character of the text put a demand on me as the reader, in what sense is my reading experience similar to what Anzaldua calls the â€Å"Borderland†, and how my position on the border reveal to you about the nature of encounters across cultures in multicultural America. This Essay really struck me, because even though I understand Spanish this essay really, challenged me, because she keptRead MoreAbraham Lincoln And The American War1712 Words   |  7 PagesAbraham Lincoln opposed the Mexican American War, since he argued it was unnecessary and unconstitutional. He questioned the U.S. president’s honesty and even accuses the president’s justification to be â€Å"from beginning to end, the sheerest deception.† Furthermore, he criticizes the president for supporting the war with arguments and not facts. He also bashes on the president’s mentality on a personal level. Moreover, Abraham Lincoln argues that President Polk is lying about the initial cause of the

Hotel Management Hotel And Hospitality Management

A hotel manager is responsible for the day to day management of the hotel and its staff. They are commercial accountability for the budgeting and financial management, planning, organising and directing all of the many hotel services. This includes front of-house(reception, concierge, reservations), food and beverage operations and the housekeeping. However the hotel managers usually have charge of specific areas and units within the business(guest services, accounting, marketing) this is what makes up the general management team. Requirements: This area of work is open to all graduates with an HND, however, the following subjects can potentially increase the chances of a hotel manager: hotel and hospitality management; business or management; business with languages; travel, tourism or leisure studies. Some managing training programmes run by a large hotel group are for the graduate entry only, usually as of which is a minimum of a 2:2 degree is required. HOWEVER it is possible to become a hotel management without a degree, HND or foundation degree, since employers place a lot of emphasis on relevant experience. A general standard of education is needed, and then from there it is possible to build their way up the the on-the-job training and external qualifications. Salary: Typical salaries for an assistant general manager are around the ragesShow MoreRelatedSage Hospitality : A Hotel Management Company863 Words   |  4 PagesSage Hospitality is a hotel management company. They are recognized as one of the most innovative groups in this industry and specialize in managing and devloping independent as well as premium brand hotels. Sage Hospitality was founded in 1984. They have partnership with many international brands such as Marriott International, Starwood Hotel and Resorts, IHG, Hyatt and Hilton Hotels and Resorts. Apart from having partnership, this company is also coming up with their own branded hotels. Some ofRead MoreTotal Quality Management (Tqm) in Hospitality Industry: a Study of the Application of Tqm in  a Hotels  Engineering Department and Its  Effects on  Hotel Performance18578 Words   |  75 PagesTotal Quality Management (TQM) in Hospitality Industry: A study of the application of TQM in  a hotels  engineering department and its  effects on  hotel performance By Mark Chan A DISSERTATION Submitted to The University of Liverpool in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF Project Management 2011 A Dissertation entitled Total Quality Management (TQM) in Hospitality Industry: A study of the application of TQM in  a hotels  engineeringRead MoreA Short Note On Business Affairs And Hospitality Industry1645 Words   |  7 PagesA subcategory in the hospitality industry, the hotel industry provides a safe and comfortable shelter for people traveling away from home through accommodations, tourism, recreation, and food services. Whether for business affairs or family vacations, people will be able to find in the hotel industry their specific needs as the industry ranges from economical to luxurious standards to meet consumers’ desire of a â€Å"home away from home.† Since a hotel is a large operation to run, many roles are involvedRead MoreImpact Of Service Quality Management On Growth Of Hotel Industry803 Words   |  4 PagesImpact of service quality management on growth of hotel industry 1.1 Introduction: This study is designed to assess the antecedents of service quality management on the growth of hotel industry. Growth of hotel industry is dependent on service quality management. Service quality is an important factor for the better performance of hospitality industry. If hotels will provide quality service to their guests they will be highly satisfied and become loyal customers of the hotel and would recommend it toRead MoreImportance And Challenges Of The Hospitality Industry1043 Words   |  5 PagesThe Australian Hospitality Industry This paper aims to highlight the importance and challenges of the hospitality industry in Australia. By examining a number of hospitality and hotel association websites, academic resources, reports of federally registered organizations. Four main areas of concern and significance for the Australian hospitality were highlighted and examined in more detail. These areas included relationships between Hospitality Industry and Travel/Tourism Management, The AustralianRead MoreHospitality Industry Leader1518 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Head: Hospitality Industry Leader Hospitality Industry Leader Richard B Hope Nassau Community College Introduction: The Hotel General Manager is someone who works in a hotel. He or she works as a head of the department to coordinate and monitor the progress of business strategies in a large hotel. In medium hotels, the General Manager is responsible for day to day running of the hotel, including carrying out reception duties. A Hotel General ManagerRead MoreLived Experiences of Hrm Graduates in Applying for a Job683 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction Hospitality is the relationship between a guest and a host, or the act or practice of being hospitable. Specifically, this includes the reception and entertainment of guests, visitors, or strangers, resorts, membership clubs, conventions, attractions, special events, and other services for travelers and tourists. Hospitality can also mean generously providing care and kindness to whoever is in need. Nowadays, the country generates more than 120,000 Hotel and Restaurant Management (HRM) graduatesRead MoreBeing A Student Of Hospitality Management1338 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Being a student of Hospitality Management, I have been asked to write an assignment about, accommodation and front-office services in different organisation within the hospitality industry. I will analyse the role and responsibilities of staff and how it is impact the effective management and operational issues effecting to the accommodation and front-office services. I have selected a †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Accommodation The term usually refers to a place that offers sleeping facilities for travellersRead MoreHm370 Hospitality Management Paper1160 Words   |  5 PagesHospitality Management Paper: Palms Place Resort HM370 Hospitality Management Paper Understanding hospitality is an essential part of entering the industry. There are many moving parts that need to come together to create a successful enterprise. It is a industry largely dependent on image and the desire to cater to their guest every need. Regardless of what scale or specialty the organization is, mastery of hospitality management is essential to its success. To understand how to masterRead MoreManagement Contract1009 Words   |  5 Pagesdisadvantages of management contract to both the hotel owner and the management company? The advantage of the management contract is: The management contract incurs minimum risk to the company as compared to sole ownership and joint-venture development since the management company has little or minimal equity invested in the hotel. The hotel management company only assigns a group of professional managers to operate the property for the owner. If political crisis occurs, the management company can

Project Management Plan Integration Processes

Question: Discuss about theProject Management Plan for Integration Processes. Answer: Description of Appropriate Organizational Documentation for Recording Strategies and Goals for Integration Processes The documentation of the strategies and goals for the integration process is important for reviewing the performance of the project after the process of integration is complete. The strategies and goals can be used to develop the project scope management, manage the execution of the project, monitoring of the project activities involved in the project as well as controlling them in order to achieve the desired goals (Krajewski, Ritzman and Malhotra 2013). At the end this documentation also helps in the controlling the integrated change. Development of Project Management Plan A project management plan is considered as the formal document which is approved by all the stakeholders involved in the project to manage the execution of the project. This document is records the necessary actions and resources that need to be integrated, prepared and coordinated in the several planning activities. The Documents that Should be Included in the Project Management Plan The documents that needs to be included in a project management plan are listed below, Cost management plan which is to be generated from, cost estimation process. Risk management plan document that will be generated from risk management planning. Quality management planning document and process improvement planning both of them will be generated from quality management planning (Young 2013). Staffing management planning document generated from the human resource planning. At last the procurement management planning document from the process of plan purchase and acquisition of the plan (Krajewski, Ritzman and Malhotra 2013). References Krajewski, L.J., Ritzman, L.P. and Malhotra, M.K., 2013.Operations management: processes and supply chains. New York: Pearson. Young, T.L., 2013.Successful project management(Vol. 52). Kogan Page Publishers.

The Opening battle scene in Saving Private Ryan Essay Example

The Opening battle scene in Saving Private Ryan Paper In the few moments preceding the landing of the ships at Omaha beach, we see the scene from a subjective Point-of-view high angle shot (POV high) which detaches us from the scene and allows us to see an establishing shot of the action. We also see the scene from a normal subjective POV shot; this includes the audience and allows us to see what is happening as if we are actually there. The only sound we hear is diegetic. The sound of the sea is one that connotes to most people calm and peace; it is cleverly used in this scene to create an instantaneous contrast between this calm and the chaos of battle about to occur. The action, in the first couple of minutes of the film is realistic. We start off with a Close up (CU) of a metal hedgehog (metal cross to stop tanks) and then go straight into seeing the landing boats as if we were a passenger in one ourselves. We can see the soldiers in the other boats crouched down trying to avoid the sea spray and some that are vomiting over the side of their boat; either through fear, or seasickness. The camera flicks to a CU of Captain Millers shaking hands. This has a great effect on the audience, because they realise the fear, and nerves that the soldiers must have been feeling before they went into battle. We zoom out of captain Millers face so that we can see the other soldiers on the boat and their individual reactions. We will write a custom essay sample on The Opening battle scene in Saving Private Ryan specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Opening battle scene in Saving Private Ryan specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Opening battle scene in Saving Private Ryan specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I noticed that there were two main responses to the nerves that the soldiers were feeling and this had a profound effect on me; one soldier was eating some sort of bread (almost as if it was his last meal) this symbolised to me that he expected either not to come home from the battle or that he would be eating something better later on when they celebrated; the second reaction was to pray to god or kiss some kind of lucky charm- this indicates that they felt that they would need divine intervention to win. As the landing craft doors open, all hell breaks loose; most soldiers do not even make it off the boats alive. We see the attackers from the defenders point of view and see the way that all of the English and American soldiers are shot down by the German machine guns. This subjective POV high angle shot, suggests at the superiority of the defenders and their fire power. We go back to seeing the scene from a subjective POV. In desperation to get away from the raining bullets, some soldiers threw themselves off the sides of their boats. The camera follows these men, and due to the absence of non-diegetic sound, the diegetic sound of the explosions and gun-fire becomes muted. This adds a sense of realism to the film, because Spielberg has gone against what we would normally expect in a war film- instead of some dramatic overlaying piece of music there is nothing. This in fact creates more drama to the film because it allows us to fully digest the sounds that you would hear if you went to war. Contributing to the sense of realism, Spielberg took an almost documentary style take on the way the first scene was filmed. By using hand-held cameras Spielberg said that he was able to film the sets much like a newsreel camera man following soldiers into war. By using this method of filming, the shock of war is revealed to the audience. As we see Miller appear out of the sea, the camera slows down, this allows us to take in the carnage that is apparent on the beach front. Part way through the invasion, captain Miller becomes confused, because of shock, and the camera slows down so much that it is like seeing the battle in slow motion, also the colour of the screen is washed out, adding to the drama making the confusion seem an almost dreamlike state, which many other soldiers would have entered as well. The first non-diegetic is introduced and a low whistle replaces all other noise. We see one soldier from Millers subjective POV and the fear that the man is feeling is portrayed through the way that he is cowering behind one of the hedgehogs and crying to himself (in a state of shock. ) We return to a medium close up (MCU) of Millers face and can see the confusion as he watches several of his men die. The non-diegetic whistling rises in pitch and stops all of a sudden as a soldier shouts at him What do we do now sir? This question reveals the uncertainty of the soldiers who were involved at the battle of Omaha beach and once again portrays a feeling of realism. Miller recovers from his confusion and orders his men to move out and clear the beach. With this small show of re-assertion, the audience is brought back to the gruesome reality that is taking place around them. As the soldiers are moving out, Miller sees one fallen on the ground and decides to try and drag him to safety. A shell is fired and kills the man who he was dragging, but also triggers the same washed out confused effect that happened before, this time however it represented shell shock. This is a realistic event that would have happened as many soldiers were temporarily deafened by the loud explosions, to add to the realism, the camera lens is sprayed by blood and mud by the explosion just like a normal soldiers eyes would be. Miller quickly stands up and makes a break to the sea wall, some people would see this as an act of desperation, because the men who have already tried to do that, have ended up being shot down but by some miracle Miller makes it. He starts to relay to the rest of his time several orders. The camera view switches between the attackers subjective POV shot and the defenders subjective POV high angle shot. This allows us to see the battle from both points of view. Seeing the carnage from the attackers point of view allows us to feel the panic and fear that the soldiers would have done, and seeing the battle from the defenders point of view, we get a sense of the ease of which the Germans massacred the English, this adds to the shocking nature of the film. Miller and his team proceed to move along the beach until they are stopped once again by enemy fire. Taking refuge behind a wall, we see (through the use of a Long Shot- LS) that on the crest of a hill there are two Germans with machine guns firing down at them. The LS shows us just how easy it was for the Germans to pick off the opposing side; they could fire from nearly fifty feet away and yet still cause devastation. Once again the shock that an attacking party would have had is portrayed through the conventional action. The use of conventional action, is seen in so many films that it becomes a natural thing yet is still effective now as it was when it was first used. For example in this particular film convention is used throughout the first seen Guns always kill outright, Screaming means you are in pain or scared, and running means that you are panicked or desperate. Each of these is used in the film to create a sense of realism. The battle is turned when a young Sniper marksman is sent into an impact crater where he has a clear shot at the two German Machine gun operators. We see a CU of the Snipers face and then immediately go to a LS of his victim. This camera workmanship, allows us to fully appreciate the skill it took to pull off such a shot. This is adding a new dimension to the film: Awe. Saving Private Ryan shows us the grime, the noise, the pain and the shock of war, leaving us with a sense of awe for those who fought to keep our country safe in both the First and the second world wars. The diegetic sound of the sniper rifle firing adds to the realism because it connotes finalism and a cleanliness to death. As the battle ends, the camera flicks to a CU of Captain Millers shaking hands. This is a repeated frame from before only this time the meaning is completely different. The shaking signifies relief that the battle is over, and also the horror of what was sacrificed to do it. The camera zooms into an Extreme Close Up (ECU) of captain Millers eye and then to all the dead bodies left behind on Omaha Beach. This is covered by both diegetic and non-diegetic sound. The diegetic sound is that of the waves, which connote peace and calm (the lull after battle) and the mournful cries of seagulls. The non-diegetic sound is an emotional, moving strings instrumental piece, this can connote the regret, pain and sadness that the soldiers would have felt for their fallen comrades. The saying the sea ran red, is literally brought to life and makes a final impact of shock on the audience. In conclusion, the opening battle sequence of Saving Private Ryan was made both shocking and realistic through the iconic images displayed throughout the scene and the acts of selflessness that are portrayed through the characters actions. The first scene had an impact on me personally. This was: I strongly feel for the soldiers and their fallen comrades, because this film has shown me what they had to go through to protect my future. The jerky camera movement created a sense of realism and made me feel as if I were with the soldiers at the battle of Omaha Beach. I also feel that the absence of non-diegetic sound aloud me to take in the sounds that make up a fighting soldiers world.